Clan Quarry (mining quarry) - what is it, how do I unlock it, who can build it, and how does it mine ore?

The Clan Quarry (mining quarry) is a clan automation station that mines ore (all types) for your clan automatically. You unlock it in the clan progression tree: the clan leader or an officer activates it there. It requires the previous progression level and enough clan currency (payable with coins), activation takes time and can be sped up for an extra cost. While running it consumes fuel and clan currency, and higher levels increase ore output.